MAIZE VARIETIES IN THE AZUERO REGION, PANAMA - 2017

Abstract

To evaluate the adaptability and stability of new synthetic varieties of normal and quality protein maize yellow grain, an experiment was planted in four locations in Azuero region. The genetic material consisted of twelve varieties from CIMMYT. We used the experimental design Alfa Lattice 4 x 3 with three replicates. The data obtained was analyzed by combined variance analisys REML type and the means were separate using the minimum difference significant. According to the analysis of variance the Environment (E) captured 33% of the total square sum of the experiment. The average yield across the four locations was 6,11 t.ha^-1. The analysis of variance showed highly significant differences between the different varieties evaluated (G) for the variable grain yield; reaching to capture 36% of the sum of squares of the analysis of variance. Of the cultivars evaluated S10TLYNGSHGAB01, S16LTYQHGAB05, S16LTYQHGAB01, S10TLYNGSHGAB02, S07TLYNHGAB02 and S16LTYQHGAB03 surpassed the general average, protruding significantly the first two by their agronomic characteristics. The control IDIAP-MV-1102 had a performance of 5,80 t.ha^-1, and it was exceeded by more than 15% by the first three varieties. The first two main axes or components of the interaction G x E, of the analysis Biplot GGE-SReg explained 94,2%. The most stable varieties were S10TLYNGSHGAB01 and S16LTYQHGAB03. This same analysis classified the environments in two groups. The varieties S10TLYNGSHGAB01, S16LTYQHGAB03, S16LTYQHGAB05, S10TLYNGSHGAB01, presented the best performance in the first environmental group, while the varieties S16LTYQHGAB05, S07TLYNHGABA02, S10TLYNGSHGAB01, S10TLYNGSHGAB02, presented a good performance in the second environmental group.